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Sanctuary city
Sanctuary city is a term that is applied by some to cities in the United States or Canada that have policies designed to not prosecute illegal aliens. These practices can be by law (de jure) or they can be by habit (de facto). The term generally applies to cities that do not allow municipal funds or resources to be used to enforce federal immigration laws, usually by not allowing police or municipal employees to inquire about an individual's immigration status. The designation has no legal meaning.
==History==
===United States===
Certain cities in the United States began designating themselves as sanctuary cities during the 1980s.〔 The policy was first initiated in 1979 in Los Angeles, to prevent police from inquiring about the immigration status of arrestees. The internal policy, "Special Order 40", states: "Officers shall not initiate police action with the objective of discovering the alien status of a person. Officers shall not arrest nor book persons for violation of title 8, section 1325 of the United States Immigration code (Illegal Entry)."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Spec40orig )〕 Some of the 31 American cities are Washington, D.C.; New York City (see also Illegal immigration in New York City); Jersey City; Los Angeles; Philadelphia, San Francisco; Santa Ana; San Diego; San Jose; Oakland; Salt Lake City; Houston; Detroit; Chicago; Salinas, California; Minneapolis; Miami; Denver; Baltimore; Seattle; Portland, Oregon; New Haven; Somerville; Cambridge; and Portland, Maine.〔http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/article.aspx?subjectid=11&articleid=20100617_11_0_TheCit113907〕 These cities have adopted "sanctuary" ordinances banning city employees and police officers from asking people about their immigration status.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title='Sanctuary Cities' Embrace Illegal Immigrants - Human Events )〕
The Common Council of the city of Madison, Wisconsin enacted an ordinance on 5 March 1985 forbidding city employees, ostensibly including city police, to co-operate with immigration officials.〔The Immigration Time Bomb (1989)〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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